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John Bloomfield Jervis (December 14, 1795 – January 12, 1885) was an American civil engineer. America's leading consulting engineer of the antebellum era (1820–60), Jervis designed and supervised the construction of five of America's earliest railroads, was chief engineer of three major canal projects, designed the first locomotive to run in America, designed and built the 41-mile Croton Aqueduct – New York City's fresh water supply from 1842 to 1891 – and was a consulting engineer for the Boston water system. == Biography == Jervis was born in 1795 at Huntington, New York, on Long Island, and was raised in Rome, New York, which was then called Fort Stanwix. In 1817 at the age of 22, Jervis was hired for work on the Erie Canal as an axeman. While working on the construction teams, he studied engineering, at a time when there were few engineering schools in the United States. By 1819 he became the lead engineer on the canal's 50 mile long center section.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The First One Hundred Years )〕 In 1827, Jervis became the chief engineer for the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company. In this position, he designed the ''Stourbridge Lion'', which was built by Foster, Rastrick and Company of England.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=John Bloomfield Jervis Papers )〕 In 1831, he became the chief engineer for the Mohawk and Hudson Railroad, a predecessor of the New York Central, and two years later he was appointed chief engineer of upstate New York's Chenango Canal project and helped in its design and construction. In 1836, Jervis was chosen as the chief engineer on the 41-mile long Croton Aqueduct. After his work on the Croton Aqueduct, Jervis served as a consulting engineer for the Boston water system from 1846 to 1848.〔 In the 1850s and into the early 1860s he worked on railroads in the midwestern United States, serving as chief engineer for both the Michigan Southern and Northern Indiana Railroad, Chicago and Rock Island Railroad (a predecessor of the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad), also serving as President of the latter from 1851 to 1854, and finally the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railway.〔 Jervis retired in 1864 to his homestead in Rome, New York, but he continued to work actively in the area. In 1869, he helped form the Merchants Iron Mill, known today as the Rome Iron Mill in upstate New York industry. He was also the founder of the Rome, New York public library, named for him.〔 Much of the remainder of Jervis's life was spent writing. He published ''The Question of Labor and Capital'' on economics in 1877.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John B. Jervis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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